Fortified Settlements in Early Medieval Europe

List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Contributors
Acknowledgements

INTRODUCTION
‘Defining and Understanding Defended Settlements in Early Medieval Europe: Structures, Roles, Landscapes and Communities’ – Neil Christie & Hajnalka Herold

NORTH-WESTERN EUROPE
‘The Irish Cashel: Enclosed Settlement, Fortified Settlement or Settled Fortification? With Evidence from Ongoing Excavations at Caherconnell, Co. Clare, Western Ireland’ – Michelle Comber (Galway, Ireland)
‘Early Medieval Defended Settlement Enclosures in Ireland in the 9th and 10th Centuries AD’ – Aidan O’Sullivan (Dublin, Ireland)
‘Fortified Settlement and the Emergence of Kingdoms in Northern Scotland in the First Millennium AD’ – Gordon Noble (Aberdeen, UK)
‘Defended Settlement in Early Medieval Wales: Problems of Presence, Absence and Interpretation’ – Andrew Seaman (Canterbury, UK)
‘Creating Defended Communities in Later Saxon Wessex’ – Neil Christie (Leicester, UK)
‘Monumental Expression and Fortification in Denmark in the Time of King Harald Bluetooth’ – Anne Pedersen (Copenhagen, Denmark)

CENTRAL EUROPE
7. ‘North-Western Slavic Strongholds of the 8th–10th Centuries AD’ – Felix Biermann (Göttingen, Germany)
8. ‘Early Medieval Strongholds in Polish Lands’ – Przemysław Urbańczyk (Warsaw, Poland)
9. ‘The Natural Environment, Anthropogenic Influences and Supra-Regional Contacts at 9th- to 10th-Century Fortified Elite Settlements in Central Europe’ – Hajnalka Herold (Exeter, UK)
10. ‘The Beginnings of Medieval Fortifications in the Late Carolingian Period from a Swiss Perspective‘ – Adriano Boschetti-Maradi (Bern, Switzerland)

WESTERN EUROPE
11. ‘Anxious Abbots? Questions of Monastic Security and Insecurity in Early Medieval Europe’ – Neil Christie (Leicester, UK) & Richard Hodges (Rome, Italy)
12. ‘Controlling and Contesting Urban Spaces: Rulers and Urban Communities in Southern England and Northern France from the Later 9th to 11th Century’ – Ryan Lavelle (Winchester, UK)
13. ‘Circular, D-Shaped and Other Fortifications in 9th- and 10th-Century Flanders and Zeeland as Markers of the Territorialisation of Power(s)’ – Dries Tys, Pieterjan Deckers & Barbora Wouters (Brussels, Belgium)
14. ‘Early and High Medieval ‘Incastellamento’ in Northern Iberia: Fortified Settlements in the Basque Country and Upper Ebro Valley (9th–12th Centuries)’ – Juan Antonio Quirós Castillo (Vitoria-Gasteiz, Pais Vasco/Spain)
15. ‘The Southern Carolingian Frontier in Marca Hispanica along the River Ter: Roda Civitas and the Archaeological Site of L’Esquerda (Catalonia)’ – Imma Ollich-Castanyer, Montserrat Rocafiguera-Espona and Maria Ocaña-Subirana (Barcelona, Catalonia/Spain)

MEDITERRANEAN AND ADRIATIC EUROPE
16. ‘The Western Black Sea Coast in the 8th–10th Centuries: How and How Much was it Defended?’ – Rossina Kostova (Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria)
17. ‘A Window on an Uncertain World: Butrint and the Fortified Sites of Epirus in the 7th–9th Centuries AD’ – William Bowden (Nottingham, UK)
18. ‘Fortified Settlements in Carolingian Istria’ – Miljenko Jurković (Zagreb, Croatia)
19. ‘Castles on the Water? Defences in Venice and Comacchio during the Early Middle Ages’ – Sauro Gelichi (Venice, Italy)
20. ‘Walled Towns of the 8th–11th Centuries in Central Italy’ – Carlo Citter (Siena, Italy)
21. ‘Fortified Settlements of the 8th to 10th Centuries. Italy and the Case of Tuscany’ – Marco Valenti (Siena, Italy)
22. ‘Timber and Earth in the Architecture of Italian Early Medieval Fortified Sites (8th–10th Centuries AD)’ – Vittorio Fronza (Siena, Italy)
23. ‘Fortified and Unfortified Settlements in Byzantine and Islamic Sicily: 6th to 11th Centuries’ – Alessandra Molinari (Rome, Italy)